Imenyekanisha
Mu gihe c’iterambere ryihuta- ry’ubuhinga bwa none bwo gukora ibikoresho bikomeye, ubuhinga bubereye, n’uguheza mu nganda vyihuta cane, uburyo bwo gupfuka no gusukura ivyuma bisaba umuvuduko udasanzwe, ubushobozi bwo gukora, n’ukubahiriza ibidukikije bikomeye. Uburyo bwa kera bwo kwumisha bukoresheje ubushuhe-bushingiye cane ku guhinduka umwuka w'ibinyabuzima, ubushuhe{4}}butera umusaraba-uguhuza, n'igihe kirekire co guteka imbere mu mafuru menshi, inguvu nyinshi-inguvu nyinshi z'umuriro -akenshi asabwa cane, n’ugusohoka kw’ibintu bishobora gutera ingorane mu kirere ata co bimaze. Kugira ngo izo nzitizi z’ishimikiro zishobore gutsindwa, inganda ziteye imbere zikora ibikoresho vyararushirije kwakira ubuhinga bwo gukiza ibintu bikoresheje umuco w’izuba (UV), ubuhinga bushasha bwo guhindura ibintu vy’amazi bidasanzwe bikaba ibintu bikomeye kandi bikomeye cane mu gihe c’agace k’isegonda.
Mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’iyi mpinduka y’inganda y’umuvuduko munini -hari hariho umurongo w’ugupfuka UV, uburyo bwo guhingura buhuriweko cane, buhuye, kandi bwikoresha bugenewe gukoresha, gupima, no gukiza ubwo nyene imiti yihariye y’amazi hakoreshejwe imishwarara y’izuba ry’izuba ry’izuba ry’izuba ry’izuba ry’izuba. Udakunze uburyo busanzwe bw’ubushuhe busaba iminota canke amasaha kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku kwuma gushitse, umurongo w’ubu UV Coating Line ushika ku polymerization yose hafi mu kanya nk’ako gukubita iyo ushikiwe n’inguvu z’umuco zigenewe, bigatuma ibikorwa vyihuta cane mu gihe bigabanya ibirenge vy’ibikorwa n’ibiciro vy’inguvu. Gutohoza ubuhinga buhambaye bw’uguhindura ibintu bikoresheje amatara, ibihimba vy’umubiri vy’umwihariko, ubuhinga bwo gukora amasoko y’imishwarara ya UV, be n’ivyiza vy’inganda vy’izo nzira ziteye imbere, birerekana igituma ugukiza kw’umuco kwacitse ibuye ry’imfuruka ry’ubuhinga bwa none.
1. Ubuhinga bwo gukora amafoto: kuva ku mazi gushika ku bikomeye
Kugira ngo umuntu atahure vy’ukuri ingene ugukiza kw’izuba kw’izuba gukora mu gihe c’inganda, ategerezwa gusuzuma ubuhinga bushimishije bw’ubuhinga bwa shimi bukorana n’izuba ry’izuba. Ku ntumbero yayo y’ishimikiro, photopolymerization ni igikorwa c’imiti gica vuba cane aho amazi y’uburemere buke -ahinduka uburemere buke bw’amazi n’amazi y’uburemere buke, afise inguvu nyinshi, afise inguvu nyinshi zihuye n’umuco. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ugukiza kw’ubushuhe, kwizigira ubushuhe bwo mu bidukikije canke bw’inguvu kugira ngo bufashe mu gutuma ibintu bikora mu kiringo kirekire, ugukiza kw’umuco w’izuba kwizigira amafotoni y’inguvu nyinshi-y’uburebure bw’imipfunda yihariye kugira ngo gutangure uguhinduka kw’ibihimba vy’umubiri mu masegonda makeyi.
Uburyo butoroshe butangura iyo umuti wihariye, 100% w’amazi akomeye-ugizwe n’ibihimba vy’umubiri bifise uburinganire bwiza, ibihimba vy’umubiri bishobora gukora, n’ibihimba vy’umubiri bikora neza -bishikiwe n’umuco mwinshi w’izuba ry’umuco w’izuba imbere mu gice c’imishwarara yihariye{deshi}ring. Ivyo bita photoinitiator ni ibintu bifise ubushobozi bwo gutahura umuco-vyakozwe ku buryo bwihariye kugira ngo bifate uburebure bw’imipfunda butandukanye bw’inguvu z’amafoto. Iyo zimaze gufata izo nguvu z’umuyagankuba zigenewe, izo molecule zitangura gucapura ubwo nyene zica zica mu nzira y’ugucapura canke zigakuramwo ivyuma vy’iyidrojene, zigaca zica ibice kugira ngo zivemwo ubwoko bw’ibintu bishobora gukora cane. Ivyo bihimba bishobora kwigaragaza nk’ibihimba vy’umubiri canke ibihimba vy’umubiri bishobora gukora, bivanye n’imiterere y’imiti yihariye y’uburyo bwo guhingura.
Iyo zimaze guseruka, izo radicals canke cations zikora zica zitera ubwo nyene amabonde abiri ari hafi mu bihimba vy’amazi bikikije, bikaba bituma habaho uruhererekane rw’inguvu kandi rwihuta rw’ugukura kw’ibihimba vy’umubiri. Ivyo bice vy’inyubako vy’ibihimba vy’umubiri bifatanya mu milisegonda, bikagira urusobe rw’umusaraba rw’ingero zitatu-rukomeye kandi rukomeye. Iryo hinduka rikomeye ry’imiterere y’ico kintu rihindura ukuntu ico kintu kimeze, kikava ku gipande c’amazi gigendagenda, kikaja ku gipfukisho gikomeye, kidashobora guterwa n’imiti, kandi gikomeye hafi mu kanya nk’ako gukubita. Umuvuduko utangaje, ukuri, n’ukuzura kw’ivyo bisubizo bikoreshwa n’umuco-ni vyo bituma photopolymerization igira ububasha budasanzwe mu bidukikije vy’uguhingura vyihuta cane-.
2. Ibice vy'ingenzi vy'imiti ivura UV-
Ukuroranirwa, ubushobozi, n’igihe kirekire-ugukomera kw’ikoreshwa ryose ry’ugukiza ry’umuco w’izuba bivana cane n’uburyo nyabwo, ubuhinga bw’imiti bw’ibikoresho vy’amazi bikoreshwa ku gitereko. Udakunze ibikoresho vya kera bikoreshwa n’ibinyobwa canke amazi -bitakaza uburemere buhambaye biciye mu guhinduka umwuka mu gihe c’ukwuma, ibikoresho bishobora gukira n’umuco w’izuba ni ibikoresho bikomeye vy’ijana -ijana. Ivyo bisigura yuko igihimba cose c’imiti gikorana maze kigacika igice kidasanzwe, kidahera c’igice gikomeye ca nyuma, kigakuraho burundu ivyuka bitera akaga biva mu bihimba vy’umubiri.
Ivyuma nyamukuru vy’inyubako vy’ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri biteye imbere ni oligomères, akenshi vyitwa prepolymères. Oligomeres ni zo zitanga umugongo w’ibihimba vy’umubiri kandi zigategeka imiterere y’ishimikiro y’ubuhinga n’umubiri y’ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri, nk’uguhinduka, ukudashobora gukubitwa n’ibintu, ukudakomera mu gukomera, ukudashobora gukomeretswa n’ibihe. Ivyigwa vy’inganda bimenyerewe birimwo ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama, ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama, ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama, n’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama, kimwe cose kikaba gitunganijwe neza kugira ngo gishitse ku bisabwa vy’iherezo ry’iherezo kuva ku guheza ibiti bikomeye gushika ku bipande vy’ibipapuro vy’ipulasitike bishobora guhinduka.
Monomers, akenshi zitwa reactive diluents, zongerwa ku ruvange kugira ngo zigenzure kandi zitunganye uburemere bw’amazi kugira ngo zishobore gukoreshwa neza biciye ku bikoresho bikoreshwa mu gupfuka amazi, ibikoresho vyo gupfuka amazi, ibikoresho vyo gupfuka amazi, canke ibikoresho vyo gupfuka amazi bishobora guhinduka ataco bisaba. Mu gihe c’ugukira imbere mu karere k’umuco w’izuba, izo monomere zikorana n’izindi zikikuje, ivyo bikaba bituma ata kintu na kimwe gishobora guhungabana kitagira ico gikoze kiguma gifatwa muri iyo filime. Monomeres zishobora kuba zikora kimwe, zikora kabiri, canke zikora vyinshi, bikaba bituma abahinga mu vy’imiti bashobora gutunganya neza-uburemere bw’umusaraba, ubukomezi bw’imbere, n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’imiti y’igipfukisho ca nyuma.
Ubwa nyuma, amafotoinitiator akora nk’ibikoresho vy’imiti bitera umuco w’ivyo bihimba vyose. Bitegerezwa gutorwa neza kandi bikajanye n’isonga ry’umuco n’isonga ry’umuco ry’amatara ya UV ashizwe ku mfuruka y’ibikorwa. Iyo umurongo w’ugufata amaso w’igikoresho gitera umuco udashobora guhura neza n’uburebure bw’imipfunda y’imishwarara ya UV, igikorwa co gukiza kizoguma kidatunganye, kigasiga igipfukisho gipfutse giteye igomwe, gikomeye canke kidakora neza.
3. Ubuhinga bw'ubuhinga bw'amasoko ya UV mu murongo w'ugupfuka
Ivyo guhingura n’ugukoresha inguvu z’umuco bigenzurwa n’inkomoko zidasanzwe z’imishwarara zishizwemwo ata guca ku ruhande mu bikorwa bikomeza vy’umurongo w’ugupfuka umuco w’ubu. Ivyo bimenyetso vy’ubuhinga, uburemere bw’amaso be n’ugukwiragira kw’ibisohoka vy’ivyo bikoresho ni vyo bigena uburebure bw’ugukira, ubukomezi bw’imbere, ukuntu biguma bica ibibatsi be n’umuvuduko munini wo gukora ivyo bikoresho vyose.
Mu mateka, amatara y’umuriro w’umuriro w’umuriro w’umuriro w’umuriro w’umuriro w’umuriro (mercury arc) ni yo yakoreshwa nk’inkomoko y’umuco w’umuriro w’umuriro (UV) w’inganda. Aya matara y’imigenzo akora mu guca mu nzira y’umuyagankuba w’inguvu nyinshi-ca mu mwuka w’umuyagankuba ufise umuyagankuba ukingijwe imbere mu gitereko c’amabuye y’agaciro y’ubusuku bwinshi, agatanga umuco w’amabara menshi ushiramwo uburebure bw’imipfunda ya UVA, UVB, UVC, n’uburebure bw’imipfunda y’infrared. Naho amatara y’uruzitiro rwa mercury akora neza cane mu kwinjira mu bice vyinshi kandi agatanga umuco mwinshi ku ruhande, atanga inguvu nyinshi z’ubushuhe bw’infrared, asaba ibikorwa remezo vy’ugusohora umwuka no gukonjesha bikomeye, kandi afise ubuzima buke bwo gukora bukeneye gukoreshwa kenshi bulb.
Mu myaka ya vuba, urwego rw’ubuhinga rwabonye uguhinduka gukomeye kw’ubuhinga bujanye n’uburyo bwo gukiza umuco-emitting diode (LED). Amatara ya UV-LED atanga umuco w’ibara rimwe ku burebure bw’imirongo yihariye, buke, akenshi akaba ari hagati ya nanometero 365, 385 canke 395. UV-Ubuhinga bwa LED buratanga inyungu nyinshi mu gukora: butanga ubushuhe bukeyi cane, bugatuma abahinguzi bashobora gukiza ibintu bipfutse ku bintu bishobora gushikirwa n’ubushuhe-nk’ibipande vy’amapulasitike bitobito, impapuro, n’ibipfukisho vy’ibiti vy’ubuhinga {ut{10}wistrate degradation Ikindi kandi, amatara ya UV-LED arazima ubwo nyene ata gihe co gushuha, akoresha inguvu nke cane z’umuyagankuba, kandi aramara igihe kirekire akora amasaha ibihumbi mirongo ibiri, bikaba bituma ari meza cane mu guhingura ibintu biramvye.
4. Uburyo bwo gukora n'ivyiza vy'umurongo w'impuzu z'umuco w'izuba
Gushiramwo ubuhinga bwa photopolymerization, imashini zikoresha neza amazi, n’ibikoresho vy’imishwarara biteye imbere mu bikorwa vy’inganda bikomeza, bituma habaho ubuhinga bwo gukora ibintu bukora neza cane buzwi kw’izina rya UV Coating Line. Gutahura ingene iyo mirongo yihariye ikora birerekana agaciro kanini ifise mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuhinga, harimwo no guheza ibipande vy’ibiti, ubuhinga bwo gushushanya, gukora ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, amapulasitike y’imodoka, no gupfuka ivyuma.
Ivyo bikorwa vy’umurongo w’ugupfuka UV usanzwe bitangura n’ugusukura neza ahantu, gutera umunyota n’ugukuraho inkungugu. Ivyo bipande canke ivyo bipande vyasukuwe bica bica mu mashini ikoresha neza-nk’ibikoresho vy’ugutera imiti myinshi canke ibikoresho vy’ugutera imiti vyikoresha -aho hakoreshwa igice kimwe c’ibintu bikomeye 100% vy’umuco w’izuba (UV). Ubwo nyene inyuma yo gukoresha, iyo nkoko ipfutse iragenda neza ijana n’umukanda utwara ibintu, ikaja mu mugende w’imishwarara-ukingiwe n’imishwarara ya UV. Imbere muri iyo nzira, amatara y’uburemere bwinshi-UV aratanga umuco ku bihimba bigendagenda, bigatuma habaho uguhinduka kw’ibintu bimwe bimwe, mu kanya nk’ako gukubita mu bice vy’isegonda.
Inyungu z’inganda zo gukoresha umurongo w’ugupfuka UV ushizwe hamwe ni nyinshi cane. Kubera ko gukira bishika hafi mu kanya nk’ako gukubita, imirongo y’uguhingura irashobora gukora ku muvuduko munini cane, igakuraho amafuru menshi, yo hasi -ikibanza-hogging y’ubushuhe buva hasi mu ruganda. Kuba ata binyabuzima bishobora guhungabana bihari, bituma ata nkenegwa y’ibintu bizimvye bitera ubushuhe kandi bikaba bituma umuntu yubahiriza neza amategeko akomeye agenga uburyo bw’umuyaga wo mu bidukikije. Vyongeye, ivyo bihimba biva muri ivyo bihimba birashobora guhangana n’imikorobe, birakomera cane mu gukoresha imiti, kandi bikaba bishobora gukoreshwa ubwo nyene, ivyo bikaba bituma ibihimba bimaze gukorwa bishobora gupakirwa, bikarundanywa, bigaca birungikwa ubwo nyene ata guteba gukonja canke ngo bikoreshe ububabare ku ruhande.
5. Gutorera umuti ingorane, gutunganya, n’ivyo muri kazoza mu gukiza imishwarara
Naho uburyo bwo gupfuka ivyuma vy’umuco w’izuba bukomeye kandi bukora neza, kuguma ukora neza cane ku murongo w’ibikorwa vy’umuvuduko munini bisaba gukurikirana cane, kwirinda, no kwubahiriza cane ingingo ngenderwako z’ibikorwa. Ingorane z’ubuhinga zisanzwe ziboneka mu bikorwa vya misi yose ni uguhagarika umwuka w’ikirere-aho umwuka w’ikirere ukorana n’imigera y’umubiri, ugasiga igice c’umubiri gikomeye cane ku gipfukisho-n’ugukira kudatunganye bitewe n’ukudahuza kw’uburemere bw’umuco canke gusenyuka. Kugira ngo umuntu agabanye ubuzibuzi bw’umwuka w’ikirere, abahinguzi b’imiti akenshi bashiramwo imiti yihariye y’amine-synergists canke bagenda imirongo munsi y’ibitambaro vy’azote bitagira ubushobozi, mu gihe abahinga bakoresha ibipimo vy’amaradiyo kugira ngo bapime uburemere bw’inguvu z’umuco w’izuba (UV) no kugira ngo itara rikore neza.
Turavye muri kazoza, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere bikomeza biriko biratuma habaho ibintu bishasha biteye umunezero mu rwego rwo gukiza imishwarara-. Ihinguriro ry’ibinyabuzima-based UV-curable oligomers rikomoka ku mavuta y’ibimera bishobora gusubirwamwo n’ibikoresho vya mbere bikoreshwa biriko biraronka inguvu nyinshi, bifasha mu gutorera umuti ingorane z’ubuzima buramba bw’amashirahamwe ataco bihinduye ku bikorwa. Ikindi, ugushiramwo ibimenyetso vy’ubwenge, ivyuma vy’ugusubiza ivy’imishwarara, n’ugukurikirana Internet y’ibintu mu murongo w’ugupfuka UV birashoboza gucungera imbere y’igihe no gutuma ibikorwa vy’igihe nyaco-bigenda neza. Uko inganda zikomeza gusaba ko zikora ibintu vyihuta cane, zigatuma ibidukikije biguma bikora neza, kandi ko ibikoresho bikora neza cane, ubuhinga bwo gukiza ibintu bikoresheje umuco w’izuba be n’ubuhinga buteye imbere bwo gukora ibintu bikoresheje amatara y’izuba bizoguma ari vyo bizoguma ari vyo bizoguma biri imbere mu buhinga bwo guhingura ibintu bugezweho.
Iciyumviro
Mu ncamake, ubuhinga bwo gukiza indwara bukoresheje umuco w’izuba bugereranya uguhuza kw’intsinzi kw’ubuhinga bw’amafoto, ubuhinga bw’amaso be n’ubuhinga bukomeye bwo mu nganda. Mu gukoresha ingingo ngenderwako z’ishimikiro z’ubuhinga bwa photopolymerization, ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga birashobora guhindura ibintu bimeze nk’amazi bikagira ibintu bikomeye bikomeye mu masegonda makeyi, bikaba bishobora guca mu nzira y’uburyo bwa kera bwo kwumisha bukoresheje ubushuhe bufata inguvu nyinshi n’igihe.
Nk’uko vyakozwe imbere mu murongo w’ubuhinga bwa none wo gupfuka UV, ubu buhinga buteye imbere buratanga umuvuduko udasanzwe wo gukora, ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gukomera, n’ukubahiriza ibidukikije bikomeye mu gukuraho burundu ibintu bishobora guhungabana. Kuva ku kurinda ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none n’ibiti bikomeye gushika ku guheza gupfunyika n’ibihimba vy’imodoka bikora neza cane, ubuhinga bwo gukiza bukoreshwa n’umuco burabandanya gutuma habaho ubuhinga bushasha mu nganda, bugaragaza ata gukeka ko ubuhinga bwo gukiza bukoresheje amafoto n’imishwarara ari inkingi zihambaye cane mu guhingura ibintu bishasha.
